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The moustached kingfisher (''Actenoides bougainvillei''), also called Bougainville moustached kingfisher, is a species of bird in the Alcedinidae family. It is endemic to Bougainville Island in Papua New Guinea. An estimated 250–1,000 mature individuals are left. Their natural habitats are subtropical or tropical, moist, lowland forests and subtropical or tropical, moist, montane forests; they nest in tree holes. They are threatened by habitat loss and introduced predators. The Guadalcanal moustached kingfisher was previously lumped together with ''A. bougainvillei'', but is now regarded as a separate species. It was first described in 1904, and in the late 1930s, a dozen specimens were collected in southern Bougainville. In 1941, ''A. b. excelsus'' was described on the basis of a single specimen from Guadalcanal, and later in 1953, two more specimens were obtained. In 2015, a male specimen was collected by a team from the American Museum of Natural History. == Description == The average length of this bird is 32 cm. It is large, orange to red bill and purple-blue moustache, wings, and tail.〔 The two subspecies are: * ''A. b. bougainvillei'' can be found in Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea. The immature plumage is unknown. However, the adult male has dark tawny-orange forehead, crown, cheeks and mantle. A narrow, delineated purple-blue line runs from behind the eye to the nape, and a broader one forms a long moustache stripe from the lower mandible, curving under and behind the cheeks and ear coverts. The upper back, scapulars, wings, side of rump, and tail are a dark purple-blue, while the lower back and centre of rump and uppertail-coverts are a brilliant pale azure blue. The underparts are orange-rufous, paler on the chin, belly and undertail-coverts than on the breast and flanks. The bill is red and the eyes are dark brown. The legs and feet have brown nails. The adult female is like the male, except that the upper back, scapulars, and tertials are olive green and the head is a darker rufous, merging into the mantle. The wingspan of a male is 127–136 mm and the female’s is 127–133 mm. The tail’s length of a male is 85–95 mm while the female’s is 91–96 mm. The length of the bill on a male ranges from 49–58 mm, while on the female it ranges from 46–51 mm. The tarsus of both male and female ranges from 19–21 mm. The recorded weight ranges from 160 to 215 g.〔 * ''A. b. excelsus'' can be found in Guadalcanal in the Salomon Islands. The adult female is more olive-green on the back, scapulars, and tertials, and has much paler orange underparts than the other subspecies. An immature male has the upper back, scapular, and tertials very dark olive-green.〔 The moustached kingfisher is considered as a endangered species under the Red List status and the population trend is thought to be decreasing. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moustached kingfisher」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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